Young Diplomats

The court of Letpadan in Burma , has indicted students for their participation in protests againsta new law on Education last month. They face up to nine years of jail. Their mistakes: having participated in demonstrations against the new education law which, last month, were dispersed by the security forces of Letpadan, a city located 145 km north of Rangoon, the Capital.

69 people have been charged, including illegal assembly and rioting, the website The Asian Correspondent. Burma’s students ask that the law be amended. They fear that the text adopted last September limit the autonomy of higher education institutions and the freedom of students and teachers.

Three fingers raised

“What’s interesting,” said the site information, “is the fact that many detainees were photographed making the salvation of three fingers raised.”
This gesture is a silent sign of defiance against an oppressive regime inspired by the American movie The Hunger Games. Thai students have taken this symbol in the months following the seizure of power by the military junta in Burma in May 2014.

“While the Thai authorities appear fully aware of the symbolism behind the three fingers hello, this does not seem to be the case with the Burma authorities,” concludes the article.

The accused students are kept in custody until their next hearing.

To avoid paying fines and local taxes, more and more Italians are registering their car in Bulgaria. Specialized sites to help them in this combination are growing.

The car registered in Sofia which combines the tickets in the city center of Milan or Rome might not be that of a Bulgarian came indelicate seek a better life in Italy, much less that of a tourist come from “city of roses”. It is indeed an Italian car, owned by an Italian. According to the transalpine media, tend to register his vehicle abroad experiencing a dramatic rise in Italy. And the favorite destination is Bulgaria, for the simple reason that taxes and insurance are paid in Sofia ten times cheaper than if the car was registered in Italy.

Also, every year some 15,000 tickets issued in the boot remain unpaid because they concern vehicles registered abroad: it is very difficult to trace the owner. Add to this, according to many accounts, the unwillingness of the authorities in some countries to collaborate with the Italian police.

The trick is this. Many small Italian companies buy their vehicles in Italy prior to register them at the other end of the European Union, in Sofia. Then these vehicles back in Italy and are available for rent. With a dual advantage: significant savings on taxes and insurance and a certain “invulnerability” on violations of the highway code.

Cars difficult to control

Many Italian Internet sites devoted to formalities Bulgaria testify to the popularity of this dirty trick. We consulted one of them, only in Italian, but with phones and contact addresses in Sofia. The site mentions that although says Italian law on the matter, in particular Article 132 which stipulates that owners of cars registered abroad have a year to register their vehicles in place; beyond that, they face between 80 and 318 euros fine. But considering the benefits, all prefer to take the risk, according to the many testimonials on the site.

Also, it is very difficult or impossible to control the length of stay on the floor of the European Union whose citizens are free to come and go as they please, regardless of borders and nationality. There is also the trick to register the car on behalf of a friend – or most often a girlfriend – resident in Bulgaria. But the site in question goes further, proposing a sustainable solution to circumvent the law for Italian citizens who want to benefit from a Bulgarian registration: register a company in Bulgaria, a very easy process and transfer (or rent) their vehicle This new Bulgarian SMEs.

The funny Uber methods

With this arrangement, these cars registered in Bulgaria can ride without limitation residence on Italian roads, making significant savings on registration fees, insurance and taxes. Finally, if their owners are in bad faith, they can royally ignore violations, speed limits and other parking fees in major Italian cities. The fine will land – or not – one day to the address of a company registered in Sofia on the Internet, and will probably remain a dead letter.

However, as recalled in the Italian media, the risk for these riders remains considerable – provided they are physically controlled by the Italian police, which is increasingly rare due to the proliferation of virtual radar and other surveillance systems . But if the police find that it is systematic fraud, the perpetrators may heavy fines, confiscation of their vehicle and a misdemeanor passage for aggravated fraud. To date, no cases of this type was in front of the Italian courts, which is, unfortunately, the best encouragement for such practices.

If you pay 3 euros, you will receive a postcard of the Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras. This is the proposal of a young Briton who wants to help Athens to repay the IMF over a crowfunding site.

If we give 3 euros, you will receive a postcard of the Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras. By paying 6 euros is a salad of olives and feta. Ten euros qualify for a bottle of Ouzo. If we help the Greeks giving 160 euros, someone send you a Greek food basket. And if we give one million euros, it will not receive much more than what has been mentioned above, but “a lot of gratitude on the part of European citizens and especially the Greeks.”

The “Greek Bailout Fund” on IndieGoGo was launched on the night of Monday to Tuesday. The objective, collect the amount that Greece must pay to the International Monetary Fund (€ 1.6 billion) in the next seven days thanks to crowdfunding.

Two Nobel Prize in Economics fly emergency Tsipras

“1.6 billion is true that it seems a lot. But only 3 euros from every European, “wrote Thom Feeney, a young British 29 years behind the proposal. Nothing is known of him except that it works in a shoe store in London. He has not responded to letters of Time.
At the time of writing – Tuesday around 12.30 – 2700 people have already paid more than 41,000 euros [the sum is increasing]. The majority chose the postcard Tsipras, while the bottle Ouzo met with some success. “This is the best idea of ​​crowd funding ever made”, “That’s brilliant, brilliant”, “The best five euros spent in my life” … the Germans, Portuguese, Dutch; Donations come from all corners of Europe and the comments show great enthusiasm. crowdfunding

Politicians discussing it

Thom Feeney promises that he is not a joke. “I can understand that people believe that this is a joke, but this is not the case. […] I was tired of seeing the Greek crisis in circles, with politicians who procrastinate. This concerns real people! I thought I had to try it through this one. ”

The entire amount will go directly to the Greek people and all products will be produced in Greece and sent from Greece, promises Thom Feeney. If the amount is not met within seven days, all the money will be returned to generous donors.crowdfunding

An advertising Siberian company has launched a limited edition, really original of toilet paper … He sent some rolls at the German, American and British embassies. “Our response”. The Russian inventiveness knows no limits. The advertising Koliassine Kiril, who lives in Omsk in Siberia, has launched a limited edition of toilet paper on which are written the Western sanctions (2014) against Russia. For now, a thousand copies were manufactured. A room costs 450 rubles, or 4 euros.

“The printed text on the rollers corresponds to amendments of September 2014 on tighter sanctions on export, import and for some citizens and Russian companies,” says the Russian newspaper Rossiiskaya Gazeta.

Kiril Koliassine claims to have sent copies to several American embassies, British and German Moscow.

A product “fully in line with hygiene standards”

The packaging of each roller, carefully decorated box portraits of David Cameron, Angela Merkel and Barack Obama, said that the product rather intended to be offered as a souvenir. But its creator wishes to attest to its quality: “Paper is fully in line with hygiene standards and may well be used for its primary function. The paper, double thick, is designed entirely from cellulose and each roll has a length of 19 meters. ”

Brand Nach Otvet (“Our response”) of young advertising is negotiating with a local company to manufacture toilet paper to get into their catalog.

Facebook users can now view gay-friendly with a rainbow sky filter applied to their profile picture. Something that many of the  Russian Internet users do not like. They decided to use a A Russian Flag rather than the “Gay” Flag.

In solidarity with the many Gay Pride and to celebrate the legalization of gay marriage in the US, Facebook launched a new option. Now it is possible for users to add a filter to the colors of the rainbow sky. Mark Zuckerberg started it, and Arnold Schwarzenegger, however critic of gay marriage when he was governor of California, passed.

But the Russians do not necessarily see this enthusiasm favorably. “Netizens have launched their own filter, white-blue-red, the colors of the Russian flag,” announces the Russian newspaper Vzgliad. They are so many thousands to have colored their profile photo using this filter. The initiator of the movement is called Oleg Tchoulakov, artistic director on his own. On his website, he has made available a software that just drag his picture to get the desired result.

“Proud to be straight”

The option is declined with the Ukrainian and Belarusian flag. “In addition, it is possible to add hashtags ‘Proud to be Russian” and “Proud to be straight,'” adds Vzgliad. Oleg Tchoulakov explains: “The tricolor flag [ru], it is a symbol, so I decided to launch this action. It should not confuse the values ​​of LGBT [lesbians, gays, bisexuals and trans] and ours. My action is good as it promotes good values

More than a week after the parliamentary elections, Danemark has a government without a majority. Although the extreme right has made a significant score, the People’s Party did not belong.

In the Danish elections of 18 June, the People’s Party (far right) has become the largest right-wing party. Yet it shall not enter the government, reports the Danish newspaper Politiken.

Denmark will be managed by a government led by the liberal party, Venstre, which won only 34 seats in Parliament, but without a majority. For the latter, or 90 seats, the Liberal Party should rally behind him right number of MPs, including much of those of the People’s Party.

The extreme right is now the second largest party in Denmark

In the eyes of the leader of the extreme right party, Kristian Dahl Thulesen, strengths will have more influence by staying outside government. As for the new Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen, he must navigate to find a majority to pass each reform.

Now Politiken believes, “the big question will be how the party leaders can prevent the People’s Party continues coasting

The attack against a Shiite mosque in Kuwait on June 26 announced the continuing clashes between Sunnis and Shiites throughout the Gulf region , analyzing the local press.

” The fire of Daesh (ISIS) extends to the Gulf,” wrote Ibrahim Badr, Saudi specialist of communautarism in Al-Araby Al-Jadid. “Before the attack against the Shiite mosque in Kuwait that killed 27 people Friday, June 26, there was the antichiites attacks in Saudi Arabia on 22 and 29 May It did not take long before, on social networks, the unanimity convictions yields again to the exchange of insults, revealing the real climate of sectarian tensions “in the Gulf.

“The source of the problem goes beyond the religious textbooks, books, writings and lectures about preachers who promote – especially on television – sectarianism,” writes the author. “This is a crisis of identity that extends from those who claim moderate to non-practitioners, even to atheists.” He concluded: “Sunnis and Shiites have a common destiny in the region, and we must avoid at all costs civil war in Syria and Iraq could spread to the Gulf countries. ”

Shave your beards!

The attack “challenge the modus vivendi between the communities in Kuwait, extremely fragile country in terms of security,” the Lebanese newspaper L’Orient-Le Jour. “This attack is proving once again that the era of stability in the Gulf countries has ended. Daech [acronym in Arabic for the organization Islamic State] is pursuing a strategy of destabilization [in these countries], where she has contacts in Salafist circles and circles close to power, and where she enjoys complicity within certain police or army. ”

The Liberal Kuwaiti newspaper Al-Qabas abounds in the same direction: “Extremism was encouraged by the media and put into the heads of children by the education system since 1976, when the regime suspended the constitution and dissolved parliament. Since then, Kuwait has relied on the reactionary religious groups to buy social peace “concluded:”. Shave your beard and get rid of all signs of support and convenience with this form of religiosity. For forty years, extremism has deeply taken root. We must recognize the seriousness of the problem. It will not happen to face in trading or taking the problem piecemeal. It should be a real turning point and be done with all the signs of official bigotry that our governments have adopted since 1976. ”

“For years, we have seen other countries sink into violence, from Afghanistan to Somalia through Sudan, Syria, Iraq, Libya and Yemen. We always thought that this was far from us, “writes Mansour Al-Jamri, editor of the Bahraini newspaper Al Wasat. “However, not only these countries are close to us but, what is more, many of the ideas of intolerance and speech justifying such killings took, and continue to have, to source the Gulf. It was only a matter of time before the same violence from spreading at home. “

The Greek debt drama is nearing its climax after five years, led by a colourful cast of characters ranging from a novice prime minister keen to prove his mettle to a steely IMF chief set on more austerity.

Here is a look at the cast:

– Alexis Tsipras

Five months into the job as Greece’s first radical left leader, Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras, 40, faces a seemingly impossible choice between applying his government’s anti-austerity mandate and safeguarding the country’s future in the eurozone. He is under pressure from hardliners in his Syriza party, who want the government to reject the demands of Greece’s EU-IMF creditors.

Known for his refusal to wear ties to European summits, the boyish Tsipras has showed a willingness to compromise in talks with his counterparts, only to take a much tougher line once back in Athens. It is unclear whether he can sway his party, with the threat of new elections looming.

– Yanis Varoufakis

The wildcard of the Greek debt talks, motorbike-riding Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis, 54, has become a household name with his untucked shirts, bald pate and acerbic attacks on austerity.

Previously an international economist of some renown, the self-described “erratic Marxist” seems more at ease chatting with unemployed anarchists than with fellow European finance ministers, who have often deplored his blunt negotiating tactics.

But after receiving intense media exposure that included a middle finger involving Germany and a controversial glossy magazine photo shoot, Varoufakis has been forced to take a back seat in the talks to less provocative negotiators.

– Mario Draghi

Italy’s Mario Draghi, 67, heads the European Central Bank, which is not only an Athens creditor but most crucially maintains a financial lifeline to Greek banks.

“Super Mario”, as he is dubbed by analysts, plays a key role but has been very careful not to appear too involved in the Greek crisis, insisting that the ECB “is not a political institution”.

The elegantly dressed former academic and international banker says he wants a “solid” agreement, not just a quick fix. But he is under pressure, with a growing number of central bank governors beginning to question the continued support for Greece. At the same time, a “Grexit” would take the eurozone into uncharted waters that Draghi has no wish to explore.

– Angela Merkel

Europe’s most powerful leader, Chancellor Angela Merkel, 60, has put her shoulder to the wheel of negotiations in recent weeks, frequently in tandem with French President Francois Hollande.

Merkel has been closely associated with the rescue of the eurozone since 2010 — she is one of the few players who was already in office at the time and has come to personify pro-austerity policies.

A break-up of the monetary union would be a horror scenario for Merkel and she is understood to be prepared to budge in the talks with Athens, but not too much. German public opinion is ill-disposed towards Greece and her conservative party is growing impatient.

– Christine Lagarde

Stylish International Monetary Fund boss Christine Lagarde, 59, has increasingly been playing “bad cop” in the negotiations with Greece.

The former French economy minister has been trying to foster harmony between the Greeks and European lenders, but must represent the interests of the Washington-based IMF’s 188 member-states.

Accused of taking a tough line, the IMF in recent weeks has pressed both the Greeks and the Europeans to take “hard decisions”: for Athens to accept new reforms, and for the Europeans to slash Greece’s debt.

Backing Lagarde is the real architect of Greece’s programme, Poul Thomsen.

A 30-year IMF veteran, Thomsen was mission chief in Athens at the height of the crisis but can no longer go to the country without a bodyguard. With his bushy eyebrows and messy hair, Thomsen is the IMF’s enforcer at day-to-day talks in Brussels.

– Jean-Claude Juncker / Jeroen Dijsselbloem

European Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker, 60, has been a key broker in the talks with Tsipras but has seen his efforts fail so far.

The chain-smoking former Luxembourg prime minister and former head of the Eurogroup of eurozone finance ministers is a veteran of backroom Greek talks.

In recent weeks he has applied charm, pressure and even hugs and kisses for the camera in his efforts to win Tsipras over to his proposed reforms, so far to no avail.

Juncker’s successor as head of the Eurogroup is Jeroen Dijsselbloem, 49, the quietly efficient Dutch Finance Minister.

It is officially up to Dijsselbloem to seal any final deal with Athens but he has clashed with Varoufakis during the talks.

The 63rd annual meeting of the secretive Bilderberg group started, Thursday, June 11, in a luxury hotel in the Austrian Alps. The 131 participants from the economic, political, academic and media debate among themselves the economic and geopolitical situation in the world, referring in particular topics such as terrorism, the Greek economy, Iran or Russia. Discovery of this annual forum in camera that feeds numerous fantasies.

What is this group?

The Bilderberg Group is an annual forum for discussion between diverse backgrounds personalities: they are mainly from the economic environment (bosses and representatives of major groups, investment funds, etc.), but also belong to the political, academic circles or media.

It was created in 1954 in the hotel “De Bilderberg” in Oosterbeek in the Netherlands center. It was Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands who is originally he wanted to “encourage dialogue between Europe and North America,” while anti-Americanism was developing on the Old Continent during the war cold. Political, military and economic then met for informal discussions and, given the success of the forum, the initiative has been introduced every year.

The themes of the discussions vary with each new edition. This year, not surprisingly, topics such as terrorism, cyber security, the Middle East, Iran and Greece are on the agenda, the more political issues such as US elections, the “European strategy” or the NATO and Russia. A few months before the crucial Paris Conference on Climate Change (COP21), the environment does not appear.

The group has no institutional power and formula officially no recommendations.

Who is involved?

A steering committee of 34 people

The Bilderberg group has no permanent member, but only a “steering committee” made up of 34 people and elected for four years by its former members. Their main tasks are to determine the next conference program, and the establishment of the guest list – consulting the guests of each session on the personalities “emerge” in their country. Currently, the French Henri de Castries, CEO of the AXA insurance group, who chairs the steering committee where 19 nationalities are represented – the Americans are there large majority with 11 members.

The large majority of the economic world

The big bosses or representatives of major multinationals are widely majority among participants of the Bilderberg Group. During the 2015 edition, they constitute more than half of the 131 guests (68), followed by politicians (26) – This year, there are particular Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, the Belgian Prime Minister, Charles Michel, Austrian President Heinz Fischer, or the minister of the German defense, Ursula von der Leyen.

A more western global forum

Apart from the members of the Steering Committee, the conference guests change every year and are handpicked. In fact, it is not a global forum but a Western forum. Americans are the most represented each year: about 131 participants from raw 2015, they are 34, ahead of the British (12) and French (10). Surprisingly, it does not include any Chinese national, yet second world power – they were both last year and already absent in 2013. Similarly, no Japanese (3rd world power) or Indian (8th) has attended the forum in the last six editions.

France, the third most represented nation in the Bilderberg Group

There are 10 French from the list of the guests of the forum in 2015, against 34 Americans, 12 Britons … and no Chinese. The chart below lists the 15 most represented countries.

10 French

Of the 10 French nationals, include general economic adviser Francois Hollande, Laurence Boone, former prime minister and mayor of Bordeaux, Alain Juppé, head of the Directorate General of Internal Security (ISB), Patrick Calvar, CEO Michelin Group, Jean-Dominique Senard, or the old journalist, former adviser to Nicolas Sarkozy and current chair of the domain of Versailles, Catherine Pégard.

Why so secretive?

A protest near the venue of the 2015 meeting of the Bilderberg group, denouncing the “new world order”.

The Bilderberg group feeds many fantasies. Some see a group of “masters of the world” in a small group deciding the fate of the planet. The main reason is the confidentiality of the proceedings: unlike the Davos Economic Forum, which is held every year beginning in Switzerland, the press is kept away except media group leaders invited by the Steering Committee and some journalists to write of the minutes of discussions which remain confidential. Participants are required to stay in the hotel for two days and may be accompanied or their spouses or assistants.

The group defends the “private nature of the conference,” which, according to him, “the participants not to be bound by the conventions of their duties or not the positions that we would agree in advance”. That is, for example, the word of a minister not commit his government and is not necessarily restricted by the official position of his country.

The suspicion of the Bilderberg Group is notably fueled by books like The Masters of the world, test the Spaniard Luis M. Gonzalez-Mata published in 1979, or The True Story of the Bilderberg Group, Daniel Estulin. They describe an opaque particular group would be decided where a “new world order” by the game support or opposition to governments, decision coups … But nothing has so far helped to support the real influence of this group, especially compared to other informal exchanges spaces (like the forum in Davos) or officials (such as the G7, G8 or G20) – which include, themselves, emerging markets.

BDS and the Boycott of Israel has been a recent issue these last years. It has been used as a weapon by the Palestinian Authority and has become the main battlefield for Israeli Diplomacy that is fighting growing Israeli Isolation.

Anti-racism and tradition of the boycott

The 1930s were marked by large demonstrations of anti-Jewish boycott in Central and Eastern Europe (Poland, Romania, Germany …). In late March 1933, great anti-Hitler meetings in the United States give the kickoff of a great movement of boycott of Germany worldwide. Everywhere Jewish community and those horrified Nazi antisemitism following suit with instructions relayed by militant organizations. In France, the International League against Antisemitism (LICA) is the association that shows the most obstinate in a campaign to convince the ordinary citizen but also economic actors and public authorities of the need to break all relations with Germany. The initiatives are global, even feed the fantasy of solidarity and occult Jewish power. The newspaper LICA explains: “Hitler’s Germany must understand that the moral blockade, the economic boycott can be dangerous, if not fatal, for her. Despite appearances, we are at even strength. Prove it! ”

 Unfair but pragmatic

The use of this means of action from 1933 to 1939, raises inevitable misunderstandings, resistance and criticism. Even within the French initiators of the movement, one wonders about the collective dimension of the penalty that hits all the Germans, when only the Nazis found guilty. Speaking on behalf of the Central Committee, Charles-Auguste Bontemps justify the action required by pragmatism:

“The boycott, certainly, can do in the near time, the difficult living conditions of the German people is not responsible for any integer. But it is today that the persecution of Jews made life impossible for thousands of men, women and children. Hitler may retain the boycott as a reason for its inability to reduce unemployment. But the excess of misery that led to power can also bring him to capitulate. “(DDV, May 1933)

The Right to Live, July-August 1933

The conviction is therefore that the suffering application of some moral principles can be quickly paid off. LICA frameworks agree to see in boycotting the only means of civil action likely to have effective impact. “How good indeed the only protests against Hitler? Practically nothing, “said one activist. Finally, we must put the measure in a context of war declared between Jews and Hitler’s regime, which provides a key to this action expresses appearance and another activist in May 1933: “The boycott is another war, say- they. And they are right. But this is an economic war that it is impossible not to deliver. ”

Hitting stomach

Despite its ineffectiveness over Nazi Germany, anti-racist activists will remember the method in the postwar period. With its policy of apartheid implemented in 1948, the South African Republic shares with Hitler’s Germany a racist ideology, supremacist and segregationist, which deprives a considerable part of the population of its rights. In June 1952 launched a campaign of civil disobedience in the initiative of the African National Congress and the Indian Congress. The Right to Live, body LICA immediately affects the watchword to his A “Boycott South Africa! “Commenting on the action of the Torch Commando, organization of former fighters led by white Sailor Malan (namesake of” Nazi “Daniel François Malan, Premier instigator of the policy of segregation) opposed to apartheid, Le Droit de Vivre wrote: “It’s a real moral uplift that we are witnessing to disobey intolerance. “(June 1952). Continuity with the fight against Nazi Germany seems obvious as evidenced this regard in April 1953: “We will push the Nazis in South Africa only by the stomach. It would be a heavy responsibility for all forget. ”

The boycott of Jews to Israel boycott

French in Algeria in the 1930s, actions organized by anti-Semitic activists, European and Arab, hit the Jews. In active campaigns targeting shops owned by Jewish merchants. Anti-Zionism booming then inspires Arab and Muslim activism that is a source of concern incidents and the French authorities. On the walls, in the department of Constantine, we find butterflies on the following model: “O Arabs, on each piece of five francs you will pay to Jews under five go to Palestine to be used to purchase weapons to kill Arabs. ”

The creation of the Arab League in 1945 causes the enlargement of a movement that takes a radical turn after the creation of the State of Israel in 1948. Israel aversion, entity outside the Arab world, and the will to eradication, control exceptional measures: boycott of businesses owned by Jews around the world, Israeli closures of branches, air and sea blockade … A boycott committee moved to Damascus, which coordinates the activities of the League members .

The hard-line Arab League

The Arab League has a real economic blackmail. The originality of his boycott lies in the definition of different circles of application: prohibition of relations with Israel and Israeli firms, inclusion on a black list of foreign companies that trade with Israel, blacklisting of actors Economic maintaining relations with the latter list. This pressure cascade deflects many companies. The Mediterranean Club can be upheld in Egypt after organizing summer camps in Israel. Companies give in to blackmail. Air France offers its passengers to Cairo a form in which they must certify that they are not Jewish. The Renault company closes its plant in Haifa in 1959 … December 17, 1964, the newspaper Le Monde announced that “2,262 companies would be subject to the rules of Arab boycott of Israel.” Of these, 143 are French. The Yom Kippur War in 1973 causes an oil embargo against the countries supporting Israel.

The Right to Live, July 1977

At the same time, laws make it illegal boycott in the United States but also in France where anti-boycott law is voted on 7 June 1977. Its Article 32 extends the application of the law against racism (Pleven law ) 1 July 1972 as it reaffirms the principle of freedom of economic activity and that of non-discrimination on grounds of nationality, membership or not with “ethnic group”, a “race” or religion.

From the 1980s, boycotts undergoes multiple sprains. Many Arab countries renounce it.

Abusive Filiations

The campaign Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) was launched in 2005 by Palestinian civil society to protest against the occupation of Palestinian territories since the Six Day War (June 1967). It is this campaign that today its toll against Israel with economic, cultural and academic implications. Its advocates, who readily describe the country of “fascist” or “Nazi”, willingly emphasize the historical continuity with the past boycott of South Africa. The occupation of Palestinian territories and the settlement policy can very rightly attract criticism and protests; they can not however be based on fanciful historical heritage, clean feeding violence – so quick to be triggered – against a State and its citizens.

Israel shares with the National Socialist regime and the regime of apartheid or the ideological principles nor the exclusion and segregation laws. The weaknesses of this democracy (inequality, discrimination, corruption …) not different from those of other democracies. Territorial disputes, human and moral cost of security policy, the rule of law to exist, are, to varying degrees, and in other configurations, batch and law common to all nations. Yet its particular history makes Israel in the eyes of some, the absolute guilt – beyond unacceptable what supposed to be the presence of a Jewish state in “land of Islam” – the “entity” that we can hate and condemn unencumbered details. Between normality and denied paradoxical stigmatized, Israel’s adversaries seek to kill the space allotted to legitimate criticism, reasoned and constructive which should apply to any State. The determination and the logic of war by economic, against the Jewish state in their wake the Israeli people, despite its heterogeneity, its internal oppositions and disagreements, and all those across the world, Jews or non-Jews can not resign themselves to extremism.